The aspects of music that we have come to understand, have several fundemental characteristics, like the pitch of notes, rhythm, beat, measure, bar. It will help to understand many of these concepts, so when working with DAW software, we can understand the buttons and controls. Music Theory on Wikipedia
The pitch of a note alludes to it's frequency. Most notes have a fundemental frequency, combined with some harmonics. It is the harmonic content that gives instruments their characteristic sound. All the notes on a piano keyboard are given letter (with number), names. Each group of 12 keys are arranged in octives. Each octive is twice or half of the next, in terms of pitch (frequency).
An equal temperament is a musical temperament or tuning system, which approximates just intervals by dividing an octave (or other interval) into equal steps. This means the ratio of the frequencies of any adjacent pair of notes is the same, which gives an equal perceived step size as pitch is perceived roughly as the logarithm of frequency.
In Western music, the most common tuning system has been twelve-tone equal temperament, which divides the octave into 12 parts, all of which are equal on a logarithmic scale, with a ratio equal to the 12th root of 2 (12v2 ^1.05946). That resulting smallest interval, 1/12 the width of an octave, is called a semitone or half step. 12-TET is usually tuned relative to a standard pitch of 440 Hz, called A440, meaning one note, A, is tuned to 440 hertz In an octive, there are 7 whole tone notes (white keys), and 5 half-tones, on a keyboard. The tutorial recommends that for Synthesis, try and stay on the whole tones, your composition will sound better.
The piano and synth keyboard divides the octave into a series of twelve pitches, called a chromatic scale, within which the interval between adjacent tones is called a half step, or semitone. The longer keys (for the seven "natural" notes of the C major scale: C, D, E, F, G, A, B) jut forward, these are called the white keys. The keys for the remaining five notes—which are not part of the C major scale are raised and shorter and colored black.
Piano tuningSo, what does 4/4 mean in music? 4/4: Four quarter-note beats per measure. In the 4/4 time signature, the numbers tell you that each measure will contain four quarter note beats. So each time you tap the beat, you're tapping the equivalent of one-quarter note. 3/4: Three quarter-note beats per measure, (one rest).